案例库 · 战略与领导 · 战略决策 · 1977
这条还没译成中文，下面是英文原文。
Maathai paid Kenyan women per tree that survived, not per tree planted
Maathai paid Kenyan women per tree that survived, not per tree planted.
Green Belt Movement
那一手
Through her volunteer work with the National Council of Women of Kenya, Wangari Maathai kept tracing rural hardship — malnutrition, water scarcity, dwindling firewood — back to the same root: forest and soil that kept disappearing. Farmers, most of them women, cleared land for cash crops or cut trees for fuel faster than anything replaced them, and the women who bore the daily cost of that loss had no formal claim on land or forestry policy at all.
On June 5, 1977, World Environment Day, the Council marched from downtown Nairobi to Kamukunji Park and planted seven trees in honor of community leaders — the movement's founding act. Simply asking women to plant more trees as a civic duty would have competed with hours already spent fetching water and firewood and farming; it needed to be worth their time on its own terms.
Maathai distributed tree seedlings to rural women through the new Green Belt Movement and paid them a small stipend — today equivalent to less than 10 US cents — for every seedling that was later found still alive and planted out, not for the seedling handed over or the hole dug. Where literacy was needed to keep planting records, the movement paid the women's husbands and sons to do that bookkeeping, but the payment itself stayed tied to a tree surviving in the ground, months after planting, not to the act of planting it. That shifted the incentive from a one-time gesture a funder could count
为什么管用
- Payment tied to survival rewarded months of tending, not just planting.
- Women with the most to gain from trees had the clearest incentive to keep them alive.
- Verification later made the payment contingent on the actual outcome.
- The stipend made conservation worth their time alongside other labor.
可以搬走什么
Pay for the outcome you need, verified later, not for the one-time action — it recruits the person with the strongest stake in sustaining it.
后来呢
Over 51 million trees planted and 30,000+ women trained in forestry and trades since 1977; the model spread to 15 African countries by 1986. Maathai won the 1991 Goldman Environmental Prize and the 2004 Nobel Peace Prize for the movement; the pay-for-survival structure became a reference model cited across community reforestation and cash-for-conservation programs that followed.
资料来源
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