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The encyclopedia · Engineering & Operations · Product decision · 2005–2010

HP tamed product variety with OR, adding more than $500m in profit since 2005.

HP used two OR tools — ROI screening plus a max-flow Revenue Coverage Optimizer — to cut product sprawl and the demand volatility it caused.

Hewlett-Packard (HP)

the move

HP's breadth of products brought reach but also matched it with significant costs: multiple similar products raised demand volatility, reduced forecast accuracy and pushed up inventory, order-cycle time and channel liabilities.

HP developed two OR-based solutions for managing variety: a framework of custom ROI calculators to screen proposed new products before launch, and the Revenue Coverage Optimization (RCO) tool based on a fast new maximum-flow algorithm to manage variety after launch.

These tools increased profits across HP's business units by more than $500 million since 2005, while streamlining offerings, improving execution, speeding delivery, lowering overhead and raising customer satisfaction and market share; the work won the 2009 INFORMS Edelman Award.

why it works

  • Each added SKU raises forecast error and inventory
  • Screening blocks products before they add complexity
  • A max-flow core identifies what actually covers orders
  • Measured: more than $500m in added profit since 2005
the payoffOptimize the product list, not just the supply chainclever

what transfers

Variety is a hidden cost: more SKUs mean worse forecasts and more inventory, so pruning the portfolio and focusing on a coverage-critical core can beat squeezing one production line.

what came after

The portfolio tools became part of how HP manages product variety, and the maximum-flow method behind RCO gave a reusable algorithmic building block for portfolio decisions that scale to a large product catalogue.

references

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