案例库 · 工程与运营 · 技术决策 · 1953-1970s
这条还没译成中文，下面是英文原文。
The PS-2CD covered hopper let grain fall out the bottom and reload itself
Pullman-Standard's center-discharge covered hopper let a train of grain unload by gravity, cutting the labor of bagging and shoveling.
Pullman-Standard
那一手
Grain and cement moved in sacks and boxcars, where one person loaded and another shoveled every unit, and an open car let cargo get dirty or wet.
Pullman-Standard introduced its welded PS-2 covered hopper in 1953 for denser cargoes, then the PS-2CD center-discharge version in 1962.
The covered, sloping body ends in bottom doors; opening them dumps the load by gravity, so a whole train unloads in minutes rather than by hand.
That turned a railcar into a self-unloading bin, and center discharge became the basis for grain and chemical fleets for decades.
为什么管用
- Gravity does the unloading, so no shoveling and far less labor at either end.
- A covered body keeps grain dry and clean and keeps it from blowing out.
- A centered discharge under each pocket lets cars be drained quickly and evenly.
- The same car carried grain, chemicals and minerals, broadening its usefulness.
可以搬走什么
Design the container so it empties itself, and the cost of handling a bulk commodity collapses.
后来呢
The PS-2CD and rivals such as ACF's Centerflow became the standard grain carriers, and the covered hopper helped industrialize bulk shipping; thousands remained in revenue service for decades.
资料来源
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