案例库 · 战略与领导 · 战略决策 · 2016–2025
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Chile replaced discretionary school admissions with one national strategy-proof match
Chile's SAE (2016–2020) replaced fragmented school-by-school admissions with a strategy-proof national match; by 2025, 82.6% of applicants got a top-3 choice.
Ministry of Education of Chile
那一手
Before 2016, Chile's publicly funded schools admitted students school by school, often with discretionary screening. The 2015 Inclusion Law created the Sistema de Admisión Escolar (SAE), a centralized platform for public and subsidized private schools.
SAE used a deferred-acceptance-based, strategy-proof mechanism with legal priority rules (siblings, vulnerability), lottery tie-breaking and unrestricted preference lists. It rolled out regionally between 2016 and 2019 and was consolidated nationwide by 2020.
The design deliberately reduced strategic ranking incentives and made the algorithm and priorities public. As it scaled, SAE added 'smart platform' features — risk warnings, school explorer tools and personalized feedback — which studies found changed application behavior and reduced non-placement risk. In 2025, 82.6% of applicants were assigned to one of their top three choices and 92.8% to a listed preference.
为什么管用
- Centralizing admissions removed discretionary screening where demand exceeded seats.
- Strategy-proof design lets families rank schools honestly.
- Transparent, documented priorities made the allocation auditable.
- Staggered rollout created a research-policy loop that improved the system.
可以搬走什么
A good algorithm is only the start — the institution around it (transparency, family-facing tools, iteration during rollout) is what makes the mechanism actually work at national scale.
后来呢
SAE became a global reference for centralized school choice, though independent evidence (IZA discussion paper, later Journal of Public Economics 2023) shows its effects on segregation depend on local private-supply dynamics; a separate in-year aftermarket (Anótate en la Lista) still operates outside the main round's equity priorities.
资料来源
- A Decade of Centralized School Choice Admission in Chile: Achievements and Challenges (Neilson, 2026)
- Centralized Admission Systems and School Segregation: Evidence from a National Reform (IZA DP 13305)
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